Chaski
P. O. Box 4303, Austin, Texas 78765
telephone (512) 320-0613 or (512) 912-8096
chaskimusic--(at)--hotmail.com
Chaski’s Electronic Press Kit (EPK)
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Chaski
performs and records Latin American folk music that features
traditional instruments, colorful costumes, cultural insight, Andean
dances, and audience participation. Based in Austin, Texas, Chaski has
performed together since 1985 and has toured the United States, Costa
Rica, Venezuela, England, and Scotland. Chaski is featured on the
soundtrack of the 2006 IMAX film, Ride
Around the World: A Cowboy
Adventure.

On
the prestigious Texas Commission on the Arts
Touring
Artist Roster 1990-2010!
"Dear
Chaski, I love your music. Thank you for coming. Your music
was
great.
You were great. I liked the part where the children got to play.
From,
Evans"
Chaski's
Policy
for Access and Accommodations for Patrons with
Disabilities
How
to book Chaski for your concert series, festival or other event or
venue:
- Explore our website
to see what we do.
-
or
call
us at (512) 320-0613 to tell us what date(s)
you'd like to book us and where the event(s) will take place.
- We will get
back to you within a couple of days with our
availability and fee.
- When we
agree on the terms, we'll write up a contract and
collect a deposit.
- We'll
provide you with promotional and program material as
needed.
Blurbs
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25-word
blurb
Chaski
performs Latin American
folk music for all ages in programs
that
feature traditional instruments, colorful costumes, cultural insight,
dances,
musical demonstrations, and audience participation.
35-word
blurb
Chaski
performs and records
Latin American folk music that features
traditional
instruments, colorful costumes, cultural insight, Andean dances, and
audience
participation. Instruments include flute, zampoñas
(panpipes),
quena, harp, cuatro, guitar, charango, bombo, maracas, and more.
45-word
blurb
Chaski
performs Latin American
folk music in programs that feature
traditional
instruments, colorful costumes, cultural insight, Andean dances, and
audience
participation. In festivals, concerts, youth programs, and
lecture/demonstrations,
Chaski plays flute, zampoñas (panpipes), quena, concert harp,
Venezuelan
cuatro, guitar, charango, bombo, maracas, and more.
98-word
blurb
Chaski
means “messenger” in the
Incan language of Quechua. In the
spirit
of this Andean traveler, Chaski brings to its audiences music from
Latin
America and Spain, exploring stirring Andean festival tunes, haunting
Sephardic
music, spicy Argentine tangos, flashy Brazilian chôros, and much
more.
Performances incorporate audience participation, colorful costumes,
cultural
insight, historical context, and folk dance demonstrations that
enthrall
even the most fidgety listener. Audiences join in the clapping,
stomping,
and singing as Chaski adeptly shares its mastery of such instruments as
flute, sikus (panpipes), quena, transverse flute, harp, accordion,
Venezuelan cuatro,
guitar, charango, bombo, and maracas.
141-word
blurb
Chaski
transcribes and arranges
folk music primarily from Latin
America
and Spain and performs for all types of audiences. We capture the
essence
of the music based on our knowledge of the cultural and historical
traditions
from which it comes and present it using indigenous and concert
instruments.
We are accomplished performers of the following instruments:
flute,
quena, zampoñas (panpipes), alto flute, transverse flute, harp,
guitar,
charango, cuatro, ronroco, bombo, chajchas, maracas, matraka, and
various
whistles and bird calls. Our concerts include written and spoken
comments
describing the music, culture, history, instruments, and dances and we
usually
wear typical Andean clothing. We involve the audience by inviting
them
to clap particular rhythms, stomp their feet when cued, and sometimes
come
on stage to join us on percussion. We have independently produced
five
albums of our repertoire on compact disc and cassette.
Chaski
means “messenger” in the
Incan language of Quechua. In the
spirit
of this Andean traveler, Chaski performs music from Latin America,
incorporating
colorful costumes, traditional dances, cultural insight, audience
participation,
and musical demonstrations. Chaski has performed together since 1985
and
has toured Texas, New Mexico, Arkansas, California, Washington DC,
Costa Rica, Venezuela, England, and Scotland under the auspices of
Texas
Commission on the Arts and
other
generous sponsors of the arts. Visit www.chaskimusic.com to learn more
about
Chaski's tours, five recordings, and many instruments.
Chaski, P. O. Box 4303, Austin, TX 78765 Phone
(512)
320-0613,
FAX (512) 478-7499
web site: www.chaskimusic.com
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Suggested Spoken
Introduction
Based in Austin,
Texas,
Chaski has performed together since
1985 and has toured the United States, Costa Rica, Venezuela, England,
and Scotland. Chaski is featured on the soundtrack of the 2006
IMAX film, Ride Around the World:
A Cowboy Adventure.
Their
five CDs feature
selections from Chaski’s
repertoire
from Latin America and Spain on flute, panpipes, quena, harp,
accordion, cuatro, guitar, charango, bombo, maracas, and other
instruments.
Learn more about Chaski, their music, recordings, and instruments on
their
website at www.chaskimusic.com. Please join me in welcoming
Chaski!
Chaski, P. O. Box 4303, Austin, TX 78765 Phone
(512)
320-0613,
FAX (512) 478-7499
web site: www.chaskimusic.com
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Biographical
Information
Adrienne
Inglis flutes, zampoñas,
quena
Shana Norton harp, accordion
Dan Dickey guitar, charango
Chaski
[CHAH-ski] means
“messenger” in the Incan
language of Quechua [KECH-wah]. In the spirit of this Andean traveler,
Chaski bring to its audiences music from Latin America, incorporating
colorful costumes, traditional dances, cultural and historical insight,
audience participation, and musical demonstrations. Chaski has
performed together since 1985 and has toured Texas, New Mexico,
Arkansas, California, Washington DC,
England, Scotland, Costa Rica, and Venezuela and the auspices of Texas
Commission on the
Arts,
the Heartland Arts Fund, and other generous sponsors of the arts.
Five independently produced recordings, Chaski (1989), Pacha
Mama (1991), El sariri (1995), Unay (2000), and Viracocha (2005) feature selections
from Chaski’s repertoire on flute, zampoñas
(panpipes), quena, transverse flute, concert harp, cuatro, guitar,
charango, bombo, maracas
and other instruments. Chaski was featured on the soundtrack of
IMAX film Ride Around the World: A Cowboy
Adventure. Become a Facebook fan of Chaski at http://www.new.facebook.com/pages/Chaski/23537045955.
Chaski
began performing
classical flute and harp music in April of
1985. Venezuelan songs that Adrienne’s mother had brought from
her homeland gradually made their way into Chaski’s repertoire.
Shana and Adrienne joined the University of Texas at Austin Brazilian
and Andean Music Ensembles to learn more about depth and variety of
Latin American music. The success of their expanded repertoire
led them to welcome guitarist Dan Dickey into the group in about 1991.
Adrienne
Inglis received a Bachelor
of Music in Flute at Lewis and Clark
College and a Master
of Music in Flute at the University
of Texas at Austin and has studied with Scott Goff, Karl Kraber,
and Bolivian zampoñero Fernando Jiménez. In 1992 she
graduated
with highest honors with a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering
from
UT Austin. She teaches flute at Southwestern
University and has freelanced extensively as a performing and
recording artist in Central Texas
for many years. She recorded on
the SpyKids 2, Kill
Bill: Vol. 2, and The Children's War film
soundtracks playing as many as twelve different flutes.
Shana Norton
graduated
with highest honors earning a Bachelor of Music Education from Abilene Christian University and
attended the Eastman
School of Music, studying with Julia Hermann Edwards and Eileen
Malone. In
1995 she graduated from The Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs
with
a Master of Public Affairs degree. She plays principal harp with the Mid-Texas
Symphony and the Hot Springs
Music Festival, works for CAMPO
and performs frequently with
the San Antonio Symphony and Temple
Symphony Orchestra.
Chaski, P. O. Box 4303, Austin, TX 78765 Phone
(512)
320-0613,
FAX (512) 478-7499
web site: www.chaskimusic.com
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Instruments
accordion:
twelve-bass, two and one-half octave piano
accordion
afoxé:
percussion instrument played by rubbing strings of
beads
around a cylinder
alto flute:
modern
flute that plays one fourth lower than a
regular
concert flute
ayarachi: pentatonic
flute
from Norte Potosí, Bolivia
bass flute:
modern
flute that plays one octave lower than a
regular
concert flute
bombo: goatskin
drum
from Bolivia carved out of a tree trunk
caja
chuquisaqueña:
snare drum from Chuquisaca
cavaquinho:
high-pitched, four-stringed instrument from Brazil
chajchas: goat
toe
rattle from Bolivia
charango:
ten-stringed
instrument sometimes made from an
armadillo
shell
claves: pair of
hardwood dowels struck together
cuatro:
four-stringed
ukulele-like instrument from Venezuela
doumbek:
Middle-Eastern ceramic hand drum with pitch variation
flute: modern
concert
flute made of platinum, gold and silver
güiro:
fish-shaped scraper from the Caribbean used
throughout
Latin America
guitar:
six-stringed
strummed instrument widely used throughout
Latin
America
harp: Pilgrim
Progress
pedal harp
maracas: gourd
rattles
typical in Caribbean countries
matraka:
noisemaker in
the shape of a box with a handle used in
festivals
nightingale
call: bird
call made by the Acme Company and designed
to
imitate the nightingale
ocarina: clay
flute
palmas: rhythmic
hand
clapping
pandeiro:
Brazilian
tambourine
pajarito: Bolivian
water whistle bird call used for Christmas
music
quena and
quenacho:
pre-Columbian vertical notched flutes from
Bolivia
made of cane
rondador: type
of
panpipe unique to Ecuador
ronroco: large
charango with a deep pitch
tamborim: small
Brazilian hand-held drum
tarka:
recorder-like
wind instrument made of mahogany
transverse
flute:
Baroque flute made of boxwood; a copy of an
early
eighteenth century Thomas Lot flute
triangle:
triangular
metal alloy percussion instrument with a
metal
striker
vihuela:
five-stringed
curved back guitar typical of central
México
zampoñas:
panpipes from Bolivia made of cane
The four sizes used in
our
performances are toyos, semi-toyas, zankas,
and
ikas (from large to small).
Chaski, P. O. Box 4303, Austin, TX 78765 Phone
(512)
320-0613,
FAX (512) 478-7499
web site: www.chaskimusic.com
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Technical
Specification
Sheet
- Note: STAGE MUST BE READY 45 MINUTES PRIOR TO START
OF
PERFORMANCE
- Stage, uncarpeted and sturdy enough for dancing, at least
10 x 12
feet
and preferably raised about 15 inches
- Public address system with five
microphones (three with booms, one 5' high, one for the harp without a
stand) and
sound
engineer
for outdoor performances or for audiences larger than 100
- PREFERRED STAGE PLOT
- Green room or other private area for resting and changing
- Barrier-free access for loading harp or able-bodied persons
to
assist
- Well-lit stage so that music and harp strings are easily
visible
- Three straight-backed chairs with no arms
- Three sturdy black music stands
- One table about 3 x 6 feet
- Room-temperature drinking water on stage for three people
- Table and chair to sell Chaski’s recordings at performance
- Protection from extreme temperatures and weather
Please contact us if
there
is any difficulty in meeting these
specifications.
We can make
accommodations
if necessary.
Chaski, P. O. Box 4303, Austin, TX 78765 Phone
(512)
320-0613,
FAX (512) 478-7499
web site: www.chaskimusic.com
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Concert
Menu
Important:
The
fees below do not include travel and
lodging
expenses. Concerts outside of Austin are subject to a minimum
fee.
Our most
popular concert! Latin
American Music for a Young Audience $600 ($800 outside of
Central Texas)
Drawn from Chaski's
vast
repertoire of folk music, this program
promises
musical fun guaranteed to enthrall even the most fidgety with amazing
instruments,
colorful costumes, and audience participation. (About 45 minutes)
Jach’a
uru (O Great Day)
traditional Bolivian sikuriada
Viva
Jujuy (Long Live
Jujuy)
Argentine bailecito by Rafael Rossa
Los
mamonales (The
Mamón Groves) Venezuelan joropo
Mariposa (Butterfly)
Bolivian morenada by Gumercindo Lidicio
Bichito
de flor (Little
Flower Bug) José Foronda
Yendo
en
camión al santo
patrón (Going
by Truck to the Patron Saint) Peruvian
marinera by Dan Dickey
Cacharpaya
de la fiesta
(Goodbye to the Fiesta) Peruvian huayno by Dan Dickey
Madrecita (Little Mother)
Paraguayan melody by Digno García
El
sariri (The
Traveler)
Bolivian tinku by Salomón Callejas
Flutes
of the World
$250 ($400 outside of
Central Texas) New!
Chaski flutist
Adrienne
Inglis presents a 30-45 minute program about
flutes and flute music from around the world. The presentation
includes demonstrations, performances, explanations, history, stories,
and time for questions. She brings flutes from Bolivia, the
Yanomami Indians of Venezuela, France, Nepal, Bulgaria, Macedonia,
Ireland, United States, the Lakota nation, as well as her piccolo,
concert, alto and bass flutes.
Harps
and
Harp Music $250
($400 outside of
Central Texas) New!
Chaski harpist Shana
Norton
presents a 30-45 minute program all about
harps. The presentation includes demonstrations, performances,
explanations, history, stories, and time for questions. Her
specialty is classical, Latin American, and Celtic harp music.
This program does not include other members of Chaski.
Strumophones
of South America $250
($400 outside of
Central Texas) New!
Chaski guitarist Dan
Dickey
presents a 30-45 minute program all about
guitars and guitar-like instruments from Latin America. The
presentation includes demonstrations, performances,
explanations, history, stories, and time for questions. His
instruments include guitar, charango, cuatro, ronroco, tiple,
cavaquinho, and requinto. This program does
not include other members of Chaski.
Liturgical
Music
$1200 ($2400
outside of Central
Texas)
Chaski has an
ever-expanding
repertoire of music for Christian
worship.
•Adrienne
Inglis' new composition, Misa
trinitaria, a six-movement
Latin
American folk mass, celebrates Trinitarian theology and enhances the
familiar
Spanish-language worship liturgy with traditional folk musical styles
from
Perú, Bolivia, Venezuela, and Argentina. In addition to
being
incorporated into a worship service, Misa trinitaria may be performed
as
a concert piece. This composition may be sung by a treble choir
and
optional soli men's voices or presented as a chamber piece with the
members
of Chaski.
•
Chaski
performs
Cuando el pobre
by
J. A. Olivar and Miguel Manzano (Hymn #407 in the Presbyterian Hymnal)
as
a Bolivian cueca for voice, quena, harp, and charango.
•
Maysajata cutayana by A. Inglis is a companion piece to
Cuando
el pobre and features zampoñas (panpipes), harp, and
charango.
One section of the piece has a theme and its retrograde, reflect the
title,
which means "inside out" in Aymara. This piece was inspired by
Austin Presbyterian Theological
Seminary
Professor
Cynthia
Rigby, who has spoken passionately and eloquently about how the
Christian response to the incarnation of Jesus Christ is the "inside
out" process in
which Christians devote themselves to a spiritual life.
•
Salmo 140 (Psalm 140), composed by A. Inglis, is a response
to
the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. The Spanish-language
scripture
includes a congregational response.
• Chaski masterfully accompanies such choral works as
Navidad
Nuestra
and
Misa Criolla by Argentine composer Ariel Ramírez.
Ramírez
melds traditional Argentine musical styles with liturgical and biblical
texts
to create powerful compositions. Chaski's artful use of indigenous and
concert
instruments makes the message even more vivid and compelling.
•
Jach'a uru (O Great Day), a sikuriada or panpipe piece, makes
a
dramatic prelude or introit as Chaski enters the sanctuary playing
panpipes,
bombo, and chajchas.
New!!
South American
Dance
Workshop
$600 ($800 outside of Central Texas)
Chaski will perform, teach, and coach a selection from the following
dances:
Venezuelan joropo, Bolivian morenada, Peruvian marinera, Peruvian
huayno,
Bolivian huayño, and Bolivian cueca. This exciting new
workshop
suits all ages and dance abilities. (About 45 minutes)
La
costa y la cordillera
$2400
This program highlights the striking variety of South American
music. We present African-influenced music from the coast (la
costa) of Brazil and
Venezuela, songs in the ancient Andean languages of Quechua and Aymara,
and
love songs, dances, and festival music as enjoyed throughout the Andes
mountains
(la cordillera). (About 90 minutes including intermission)
Spain
and the New World
$2400
Recognizing the musical heritage carried from Spain to the "New World"
by
the conquistadores, this program takes the audience back a millennium
to
Spanish Sephardic music and to Incan traditions of the Andes. As
the
two worlds meet, the music reflects the inevitable mingling of ideas
and creates
a spectacular array of classical Spanish compositions, indigenous
festival
music with subtle touches of the Iberian Renaissance, and Latin
American
mestizo music that speaks from the hearts of our century's
peoples.
(About 90 minutes including intermission)
Concerti
$2400
Orchestras may choose from these three selections: (1) Louis
Spohr’s
Concertante arranged by Chaski for flute, harp and orchestra, (2) the
famous
W. A. Mozart Concerto in C major for flute, harp and orchestra, and (3)
Three
Latin American Dances for indigenous instruments, harp, and orchestra
arranged
especially for Chaski by David Pinkard.
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Choral
Concerts $1200 ($2400
outside of Central
Texas)
Choral groups can enjoy masterful accompaniment with indigenous and
concert
instruments of such compelling choral works as Navidad Nuestra and Misa Criolla by Argentine composer
Ariel
Ramírez and Misa trinitaria
by Adrienne Inglis.
Lecture/Demonstration
of Latin Folk
Music $600 ($800
outside of Central Texas)
This
special treat for a
university, library, or museum concert
series
or
other occasion features the history, culture, and folklore of Latin
America
and Spain presented with live music, costumes, and explanatory
remarks.
(About 45 minutes)
Master
Classes for flute,
harp, chamber or Latin music $600 ($800 outside of Central Texas)
Chaski offers master classes on standard flute and harp solo literature
as
well as chamber music for winds, strings, and/or harp. For those
communities
blessed with a novice Latin folk group, Chaski will coach the group on
stylistic
and technical points, answer questions and provide background and
repertoire
information. (About two hours)
Weddings
and Receptions—ask
for quote
Chaski occasionally plays for weddings and receptions,
especially
for those bridal couples with family ties to South America. A
wedding
ceremony ($600 plus travel expenses, if out of Austin) includes 20-30
minutes
of background music before the ceremony, any special music during the
ceremony,
and music for a few minutes after the ceremony as guests exit.
The
bridal couple is entitled to meet with members of Chaski once during
the
planning
stages to determine musical selections, cues, dress, locations,
etc.
Chaski is available to attend the wedding rehearsal only if paid at the
reception music rate indicated below. Special
musical requests may be granted if music is provided well in
advance.
Tunes not in Chaski's current repertoire cost $50 extra per tune.
A deposit of $200 is required for Chaski to reserve the date. No fee discounts are available for
weddings. Chaski
plays background music for
receptions as well, for any special occasion
for $350/one
hour,
$650/two hours, or $950/three hours, plus travel expenses if out of the
Austin
area. Chaski charges a flat
fee
of $100.00 to bring its own sound system, if the venue is able to
provide a functioning electrical outlet. For every half hour late
the event begins, Chaski charges an additional $150.
Chaski, P. O. Box 4303, Austin, TX 787657
web site: www.chaskimusic.com
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Repertoire
Ariel
Ramírez composed
the Argentine zamba Alfonsina y el
mar (Alfonsina and the Sea) that tells the tragic story of
Alfonsina Storni. As a rebellious university professor and poet
in the earlier part of this century, she led an unconventional,
bohemian life. Suffering from cancer, she chose to end her life
by walking quietly into the sea she loved so dearly. The
newspaper for which she wrote a column received her final poem by mail
shortly after her death. This poem served as the basis for the
lyrics of this song. Her statue now stands at Mar del Plata, the
site of her suicide.
The inspiring lyrics and beautiful melody of Alma, corazón,
y
vida (Soul, Heart, and Life) by Adrian Flores, make this Peruvian
vals
a classic. "I have only these three little things to offer
you:
soul to win you over, heart to love you, and life to live by your side."
The
first Latin American song performed by Chaski, Alma llanera (Soul of the Prairie),
is a popular Venezuelan joropo composed by Pedro Elías
Gutiérrez with lyrics of Rafael Bolívar Coronado.
Angélica,
a zamba argentina by Roberto Cambare,
exemplifies the vivid pain of a sad love song so typical of this
genre. "If your affection were an eagle and my poor soul a dove,
my trembling heart would bleed in its talons and you would show no
pity."
The haunting Peruvian yaraví, Antara, features the quena
and quenacho, ancient flutes of the Andes.
Apanhei-Te
Cavaquinho,
a
Brazilian chôro by Ernesto Nazarath, features the accordion.
In old Spanish, these
exquisite Sephardic love songs poetically
describe various romantic dilemmas. Arvoles lloran por
lluvias (Trees Cry for Rain) and mountains for winds and so
my eyes
cry for you. I ask again, “what shall become of me?” I will
die in a faraway land. The rain came and everything got
wet. Tell my love that it comes from my eyes. In Adío
querida (Farewell, Dear)
a man complains bitterly that the woman he
loves really loves only her mother, who at birth did not give her heart
to love anyone but her. A la una yo nací (At one
o’clock I was born)
brags about romantic conquests. Soul,
life, and heart become offerings of love to a girl passing by.
Asuntita represents the Andean tradition
of performing sikus,
the Quechua word for zampoñas in Spanish and panpipes in
English. Typically, a group of musicians plays in hocket fashion,
where each half of
the group plays half of the diatonic scale and the melody is
shared. The musicians often compose the songs cooperatively to
prepare for a festival.
From rural Bolivia, Bichito de flor (Little Flower
Bug) by
José Foronda employs the ayarachi, a pentatonic flute,
accompanied by modal harmonies.
Stephen Collins Foster
(1826-1864) captured the essence of America’s
musical tradition with songs like Beautiful Dreamer.
With his natural talent he overcame his limited formal training to
become a first-class melodist.
Blanca rosa (White Rose) tells the sad story of a young
man who
wishes to take to his sweetheart a white rose as proof of his love for
her. It is raining hard, however, and he may not be able to cross
the river in time to find her. César Junaro plays three
sizes of zampoñas in this Bolivian bailecito.
Oscar del Valle
composed
this charming Bolivian takirari, Boquita
de
cereza (Little Cherry Mouth), about a poor man who can offer
only
his
love and soul to his beloved and can only dream of kissing her cherry
mouth.
Lake Titicaca in Peru
and
Bolivia is famous for the reed sailboats that
for centuries have helped people fish and sail in the lake. The
Peruvian marinera, Caballito
de totora, is named for
those
boats and speaks of sharing the joy of traveling and singing together.
Sometimes performed as
a
cumbia, the Columbian pasaje, Caballo
viejo
(Old Horse), by
Simón Díaz tells of a old horse put
out
to pasture. Although getting along in years, this horse is not
too
old for a little love.
Composed in the style
of a
Peruvian huayno by guitarist and member of
Chaski Dan Dickey,
Cacharpaya de la fiesta,
captures the moment
in which partygoers
must finally go home. The huayno is a vigorous dance of
indigenous
origin.
Composed by guitarist
and
member of Chaski Dan Dickey, Café
celebrates, in the style of a Columbian cumbia, that delicious cup of
coffee enjoyed by so many.
Featured in the 1970’s
Carlos Saura film, Cría Cuervos, Canción
número seis (Song Number Six) comes from a series of twelve
songs and dances for piano by Mompou of Barcelona. The film’s
title calls to mind the Spanish saying, "cría cuervos y te
sacarán los ojos,"
or "raise crows and they’ll gouge out your eyes."
Composed by Adrienne
Inglis
in the style of a Venezuelan merengue, Canta,
rana (Sing, Frog)
celebrates four rainforest animals: the
frog, the jaguar, the monkey, and the toucan. Audience members
offer their interpretations of the animal sounds at the end of each
verse.
¡Caramba! (Goodness
Me!), a Venezuelan
sesporocho by
Otilio Galíndez, represents a newer style of South American folk
music. The title is considered a mild expletive but lends itself
nicely to the poetic lyrics about a lover whose affection is not
returned.
From a Presbyterian
hymnbook
comes this gem about the generosity of the
poor and suffering. Composed by J. A. Olivar and Miguel Manzano
in 1976, Cuando el
pobre (When the Poor One)
evolved under our
care into the form and rhythm of an Andean cueca.
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A typical tarkeada, Cerrito de Huaqsapata tells of the Hill
of Huaqsapata in
Perú that serves as the only witness to the
singer’s loves and the bitter life he leads. The tarka is a
relatively new instrument in the highlands of the Andes, invented
during the twentieth century and much
easier to make and play than the quena. It’s sometimes called the
Andean
saxophone. The harmony sounds unusual because of the parallel
fourths
or fifths.
The prolific
Venezuelan
composer, Juan Vicente Torrealba, produced this
classic harp solo,
Concierto en la llanura (Song of the Prairie),
which holds a prominent place in the folk repertoire of Venezuela.
Composed in the style
of an
Argentine zamba by Chaski flutist, Adrienne
Inglis, Consejos del
gaucho (Advice of the Gaucho) draws its
lyrics from the grand epic poem, El gaucho Martín Fierro, by
José Hernández that was immediately censured in Argentina
upon its release in 1872. Written in the vernacular, this story
of the last of the gauchos sharply challenges
the social and political structures and prejudices of the time in such
a
way that it continues to speak to oppressed peoples worldwide.
A traditional Puerto
Rican
aguinaldo, De tierra
lejana venimos
(From
a Faraway Land We Come)
is a song of the wise men and the symbolic
gifts they bear for the Christ Child.
Después del
silencio
(After the Silence) from
Ecuador
demonstrates how poignant and expressive Andean melodies can be.
A Mexican vals, Desde México he venido, has simple but
charming lyrics: From
Mexico I have come,
carrying my
tortilla basket, just to come and see you, with the peanut-colored face.
Doctorcitos (Little
Doctors) is an auqui
auqui or
grandfather’s
dance played on zampoñas. Today we will play all sizes of
zampoñas including the gigantic toyas.
Dolencias (Sorrows), a sad Ecuadorian melody by V.
Valencia,
features the quena and zampoñas, flutes handed down through the
centuries from the Incas. (quena, zampoñas, harp, bombo) 4:17
The animated dance
known as
the joropo typifies lively Venezuelan
rhythms. El amor
es un camino (Love is a Path) uses
agrarian metaphors to describe the journey of love.
The Paraguayan galopa,
El carretero (The
Cart Man), tells of a
cart man taking his goods to market while enjoying the friendly scenery
and looking forward to returning to his beloved.
El choclo (The Corn Cob), a tango by Angel Villoldo that
has
been popular for decades, captures the flavor of Argentina. When
the tango became all the rage in the teens and twenties, the dance
caused a scandal and sparked predictions of declining family values
among the masses. Chaski’s arrangement features harp and
zampoñas.
El condor pasa (The
Condor
Passes) by Daniel
Alomía
Robles includes a yaraví, a slow plaintive chant, and a
pasacalle and huayno, lively Andean dances. The title comes from
the majestic but nearly extinct
condor. This piece recalls the memory of the last Incan emperor
to
take a stand against the Spanish conquistadores. The quena has
existed since pre-Columbian times and is still played extensively in
the Andes mountains.
The animated dance
known as
the joropo typifies the spicy Venezuelan
rhythms played by the cuatro and maracas, quintessential Caribbean
instruments. El
diablo suelto (The Devil Let Loose) by
Heraclio Fernández features flute variations that live up to the
title of the song.
A traditional
Christmas
carol from Catalonia on the Iberian peninsula, El
noi de la mare, (The Son of Mary) describes gifts of food to bring
to Mary and her Son: raisins, olives, nutmeats, honey, figs, and
cheese.
El rei Herod tells the story of Mary and
Joseph’s flight from
King Herod.
The driving rhythm and
arching melodic shape makes this example of
Bolivian festival music an instant favorite. El sariri (The
Traveler) by
Salomón Callejas poetically describes
many typical aspects
of Andean life: multi-colored landscape, dark-skinned people,
ponchos
to protect against the winds, the flavor of memories, the Indian
struggle,
and the rugged mountains.
Chaski flutist,
Adrienne
Inglis, composed Elizabeth in the
style
of a vals venezolano in memory of her Venezuelan mother, Elizabeth E.
Inglis (1935-1997). The piece quotes two pieces from the
classical repertoire. If you can guess both the works and the
movements, you win a free Chaski CD.
En nombre del cielo employs three sizes of
zampoñas and
the lyrics tell of Mary and Joseph’s efforts to find lodging.
This piece forms a central part of the Mexican Christmas tradition
known as the Posada.
A favorite traditional
German Christmas carol, Es
Ist ein’ Ros’
Entsprungen (Lo, How a Rose E’er Blooming), was composed by
Kölner Gesangbuch in 1599 and harmonized by Michael Praetorius in
1609. Chaski uses the bass flute, harp, and guitar to interpret
this carol of delightfully irregular meter.
This Bolivian Estampa, or group of tunes, creates the
sensation
of witnessing a parade of festival music passing by. It features
first the quena, then the tarka, and finally the zampoñas.
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Fantaisie Brillante on Themes from Bizet’s Carmen
typifies the
French fascination with the exotic music of neighboring Spain.
Composer François Borne takes a few choice melodies from the
opera and embellishes them with gymnastics for the flute.
One verse of the
Catalonian
Christmas carol, Fum,
Fum, Fum, has
fledging birds building a nest of downy feathers for the infant Savior.
According to En Belén tocan a fuego, the birth in
Bethlehem is described as Flames from Heaven, which redeem our souls.
Composed in the
centuries-old Incan tradition, the yaraví, Gentil
gaviota (Gentle Seagull),
employs the haunting sounds of the quena,
an ancient Andean flute. The lively huayno, Ayacucho, takes its
name from a town high in the Peruvian Andes.
This collection of Huaynos cuzqueños (Huaynos
from Cuzco)
showcases the charango with lively dance music common to Cuzco, an
Andean mountain town
in Perú.
Similar to the
Bolivian
huayño and the Peruvian huayno, the
Argentine carnavalito also has a lively duple meter. Humahuaqueño
(Man From Humahuaca),
celebrates the music and dancing of the
carnaval season in northern Argentina.
Inca comes from high in the Bolivian
Andes near Lake
Titicaca. This piece strays slightly in form from the traditional
sikuriadas but still has the signature octave leaps between sections.
The charming Cuequita del jarrón
(Little Cueca of the Jug)
follows with its cascading melody and lilting rhythm. The
jarrón refers to the jug containing the popular fermented corn
drink called chicha.
I’ll Be Home For Christmas on alto flute and harp brings
you
to the United
States
for a familiar Christmas song.
The classic samba, Ilu Aye, chronicles the history of
Africans
in Brazil. Brought to work as slaves, many escaped and sang
praises to the African Nagó nation. As time passed, the
black people developed what now constitute the most sensational and
celebrated aspects of Brazilian culture: samba, batucada,
capoeira, and the pre-Lenten carnaval revelry that remains a festival
of the people.
Jach’a uru (O Great Day) represents the Andean tradition
of
performing sikus, the Quechua word for zampoñas in Spanish and
panpipes in English. Typically, a group of musicians plays in
hocket fashion in which each half of the group plays half of the
diatonic scale and the melody is shared. The musicians often
compose the songs cooperatively to prepare for a festival. Jach’a
uru is a song announcing the coming of a festival. The goatskin
drum known as the bombo accompanies the zampoñas.
The Venezuelan joropo
by
Luis Ariel Rey, José
María,
features the Venezuelan cuatro and maracas and tells the tale of a
brutal game of sword-fighting that lasted seven weeks and a day.
An unabashedly
romantic
pasaje by Venezuelan composers Juan Vicente
Torrealba and Ernesto Luis Rodríguez, Junto al jagüey
(At the Quiet Waters
of the River Bend)
compares lovers’ kisses to the morning breeze
under
the palm trees by the river.
Kokopeli was composed by American
composer Katherine Hoover in
1990 and featured at the National Flute Association 1991 Convention in
Washington, DC. The work captures the spirit of Kokopeli, flute
player and legendary hero of the Hopi.
The Bolivian
huayño, Kullakita
(Little Sister) by
Miguel
Conde V., has
lyrics in Aymara, one of the indigenous languages of Bolivia.
Conde was born in La Paz, Bolivia in 1956 and is the director of the
well-known group Awatiñas. The
Aymara people retained their language and many of their customs even
after the Incas invaded and brought their Quechua language with
them. In addition to Spanish, many Andeans still speak Aymara and
Quechua.
La bikina (The Woman in
the
Bikini) by Mexican
composer Ruben
Fuentes uses lush jazz harmonies and the sultry alto flute sound to
embellish a melody that his two-year-old son is claimed to have
composed.
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La boliviana (The Bolivian
Woman) is a popular
cueca played by
the quena, a vertical notched flute that have been played in the Andes
for centuries. A cueca is a stylized dance in which the couple
flirts with handkerchiefs but never touches.
Manuel Acosta Villa
Fañi’s La
calandria (The Calandra Lark)
exemplifies the mournful beat of an Argentine zamba.
La llorona (The Weeping
Woman) from
México recalls an
ancient legend of a very lovely woman who cried out of deep sadness and
lured men to her for comfort. This piece features the marimba, a
wooden xylophone from México and Central America played with
mallets.
La paloma (The Dove), a trote composed by the exiled
Chilean
musical group Quilapayún, exemplifies the nueva canción
movement of Latin America. Lyrics about liberty and peace combine
with traditional northern Chilean rhythms and instruments to produce
this compelling song.
The Peruvian
yaraví
from Andahuaylas, La
pampa y la puna
(The Prairie and the Plateau), by Carlos Valderrama,
demonstrates
the enormous expressive capabilities of the
quena, an ancient, haunting flute of the Andes.
La
puñalada (The
Stab to the Heart), by Uruguayan
composer Pintín Castellano, exemplifies the milonga, a dance
closely related to the tango.
Las dos puntas (The Two Points) is a Chilean cueca about a
traveler who has a sweetheart on each side of the Andean
cordillera. He crosses the mountains back and forth and always
enjoys a warm welcome when he arrives.
Chaski interprets and embellishes the Legend theme from
Pokémon the Movie 2000 as an Andean yaraví and
huayño. In the movie, the melody plays a crucial role in
restoring peace to the world.
Los mamonales (The Mamón Groves), a Venezuelan
joropo
features the harp and celebrates the orchards of the mamón, a
small tart tropical fruit.
The legendary tango singer, Carlos Gardel, recorded the Argentina tango,
Madreselva (Honeysuckle), by Francisco Canaro and Luis César
Amadori. Tango argentino, as a dance form, is best viewed as from
afar. The dancers
have each succumbed to the allure of the tango’s mystique, its passion,
and
its uniquely improvisational format. Each tango belongs to the
couple—a
communication between themselves only in direct relationship to the
invitation
of the music and its musicians.
Digno
García's
Paraguayan melody, Madrecita,
demonstrates the beauty
of harp music so typical of Paraguay.
This
Peruvian huayno features
the charango and was composed by the
accomplished charanguista, Julio Benavente Díaz. The
title, Mala yerba (The Weed), reflects how unneeded and
unwanted an Indian man felt while traveling to the city.
Composed by Adrienne Inglis in the style of a Bolivian huayño, Maysajata
cutayana (Inside Out) features the chromatic zampoñas.
The “C” section of the piece has a short theme followed by its
retrograde, in which the notes are played in reverse order.
Adrienne
Inglis' composition, Misa
trinitaria, a six-movement Latin American folk mass, celebrates
Trinitarian theology
and enhances the familiar Spanish-language worship liturgy with
traditional
folk musical styles from Perú, Bolivia, Venezuela, and
Argentina.
In addition to being incorporated into a worship service, Misa
trinitaria
may be performed as a concert piece. This composition may be sung
by
a treble choir and optional soli men's voices or presented as a chamber
piece
with the members of Chaski.
Entrada
(auki
auki)
Señor, ten piedad (vidala andina)
Gloria (huayño boliviano)
Credo (merengue venezolano)
Santo (saya boliviana)
Cordero de Dios (zamba argentina)
Moliendo
café
(Grinding Coffee), by Venezuelan
composers Hugo Blanco and J. M. Perroni, uses Caribbean salsa rhythms
to reflect the sounds of grinding coffee in the tropical evenings at
the coffee plantations.
A variety of folk instruments demonstrates Christmas music from Latin
America. Niño lindo and Cantemos, cantemos
are popular examples of the lively Venezuelan Christmas songs known as
aguinaldos and performed tonight on harp and cuatro. Vamos,
Pastorcitos from Colombia uses the quena and its bigger
sibling,
the quenacho. Bolivian
Christmas music differs from other genres only in its lyrics and use of
bird
whistles. Villancico is a Christmas song in the style of
an
Afro-Bolivian saya. En nombre del cielo employs three
sizes
of zampoñas and the lyrics tell of Mary and Joseph’s efforts to
find
lodging. Performed on quena and harp, De tierra lejana venimos
is a song of the wise men.
Naquele tempo (In that Time), a chôro-serenata by
well-known Brazilian composers, Pixinguinha and Benedito Lacerda, shows
the softer, more
lyric side of the popular chôro genre. Chôros began
in
late nineteeth century Rio de Janeiro as groups of serenaders
performing European-derived
music and grew into a style that blends the popular Brazilian dances,
maxixe
and samba.
Ojos azules (Blue Eyes) are rare in Bolivia but the lyrics
of
this huayño are very typical of the altiplano or high plateau
region in the Andes mountains. The melancholic and bitter lyrics
tell of taking poison as the only way to forget a lost love. This
hopeless mood characterizes the difficult and brutal life in the Andes.
Street festivals in Bolivia feature endless parades of dancers and
bands in elaborate costumes that satirize historical and mythical
personalities, including the devil, Spanish conquistadores, and African
slaves. Oruro by G. Rojas Enríquez, named for the
Bolivian city, and Mariposa
(Butterfly) by Gumercindo
Lidicio, are well-known morenadas for which the dancers don intricate
masks
with exaggerated Negroid features. Be prepared to clap and stomp
your
feet when we give you the cue.
A Venezuelan joropo with curiously symbolic lyrics, Pajarillo verde
(The Little Green Bird) will get even sleepy toes tapping.
Pájaro chogüí (The Chogüí Bird),
a Paraguayan galopa by Indio Pitaguá, recounts the tale of a
Guaraní Indian boy hiding in a tree when his mother startles him
with her call. He falls to his death but is magically transformed
into a chogüí bird. Today in the orange groves of
Paraguay the song of the chogüí reminds us of the
Guaraní boy.
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Papel
de
plata (Paper of Silver)
comes from the Andean folklore tradition. Its pentatonic
melody lends itself toward interpretation by ayarachis, pentatonic
Bolivian pan flutes.
With lyrics in both
Spanish
and Quechua, this Peruvian huayno, Pedregoso
(Rocky Road), tells of a
lover so desperate to see his sweetheart
that he is willing to travel long distances over rocky roads. He
worries that it might be sinful to love her as much as he does.
These charming
selections
from the Spanish Renaissance demonstrate the
type of music known best to the conquistadores who invaded the New
World in search of riches. Works like Pavane and Variations, Romance, and Hachas played on stringed instruments
greatly influenced the musical culture of the Americas. The modal
harmonies common to European Renaissance music can still be heard in
many Andean songs.
The charming
Ecuadorian San
Juanito, Pobre ningue, aptly
demonstrates the engaging minimalism of this musical form.
Poncho verde (The Green
Poncho) represents the
Andean tradition
of
performing sikus, the Quechua word for zampoñas in Spanish and
panpipes in English. Typically, a group of musicians plays in
hocket fashion, where each half of
the group plays half of the diatonic scale and the melody is
shared. The musicians often compose the songs cooperatively to
prepare for a festival.
Recuerdos (Remembrances) exemplifies the lively Bolivian
dance
called the huayño. A strong rhythm from the bombo supports
the syncopated melody played by the harp, zampoñas, and
quena. The quena, a notched, vertical Andean flute, has existed
for centuries.
This pair of solo
piano
works transcribed for harp, Recuerdos de
viaje (Remembrances of a Journey) and Danza española
(Spanish Dance),
demonstrates the
talent of twentieth
century
Spanish composers Albéniz and
Granados.
Sanjuanito by Gilbert
Fabré epitomizes the style of Ecuador's most well-known musical
genre.
Se va el caimán (There goes the
alligator man) is a cumbia colombiana composed in 1941 by
José María Peñaranda Márquez.
This
group of love songs
played on transverse flute and harp
represents centuries of Sephardic music in Spain. Si la mar
era de leche (If the Sea Were
Made of Milk) speaks of a man willing to die for his love.
Una
tarde de verano (A Summer Afternoon) tells the story of a Spanish
gentleman
who travels in search of a wife and finds instead his sister who had
been
abducted by the Moors. The rose blooms (La rosa enflorece)
in
May but one man’s soul is dark from the pain of love.
This sikuriada
represents the Andean tradition of performing
sikus, the Quechua word for zampoñas in Spanish and panpipes in
English. Typically, a group of musicians plays in hocket fashion,
where each half of
the group plays half of the diatonic scale and the melody is
shared. The musicians often compose the songs cooperatively to
prepare for a festival.
Chaski based its version of the
charming Shaker song Simple Gifts
on Aaron Copland’s arrangement for voice and piano.
The Christmas music of Venezuela
presents a spirited alternative to the
usual English and American hymn-like carols. The 2/4 meter of the
aguinaldo has a triplet first beat and duple second beat, making it
sound almost in 5/8 time. Sois la prometida does not
enjoy the fame of some other
aguinaldos but has unusual chord progressions and a likable
melody. The lyrics focus on the Virgen Mary as the chosen mother
of the coming Messiah.
The Baroque Largo and Allegro ma non presto movements from
Antonio
Vivaldi’s Sonata VI in G minor for flute lend themselves
surprisingly well to the Andean vidala and huayno rhythms.
Transposed to A minor and transformed from flute and basso continuo to
quena, charango, and harp, this work merges two styles from different
times and opposite hemispheres. The result recalls the plaintive
songs and lively dances which have strong roots in both
musical traditions.
R. Carlos Nakai composed Song for the Morning Star in
the
style of the Native American flute music he knew as a youth.
Sumampa represents the Andean tradition of performing
sikus, the
Quechua word for zampoñas in Spanish and panpipes in
English. Typically, a group of musicians plays in hocket fashion,
where each half of the group plays half of the diatonic scale and the
melody is shared. The musicians often compose the songs
cooperatively to prepare for a festival.
A study in contrasts, Tango-Etude No. 3 for solo flute
by
Argentina’s most famous tango composer, Astor Piazzolla, demonstrates
the angular and exaggerated musical style characteristic of this dance
form.
Teus Olhos (Your Eyes) by Ataulpho Alves and Roberto
Martins is
an example of the Brazilian chôro genre that descended from a
combination of the Hungarian polka and Afro-Brazilian percussive
rhythms.
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Alan Hovhaness (1911-
) is
an American composer of Armenian and
Scottish descent. He studied at the New England Conservatory and
was strongly influenced by the music of India, Japan and Korea.
Almost all of his works are religious or mystical in nature. The
Garden of Adonis
is based on a canto from "The Faerie Queene"
by Edmund Spencer, describing a garden of rebirth where souls appear as
flowers. The piece is dedicated to Rafnis Bancoc (Francis Bacon).
Tico-Tico No Fubá
(Sparrow in the Corn Meal)
by Brazilian
composer Zequinha Abreu is a chôro, a style which combines samba
and Hungarian polka rhythms. Carmen Miranda made this particular
chôro very famous.
In 1976, Gerardo Tamez
of
the well-known music group from
México, Los Folkloristas, composed Tierra mestiza (Land of
Mixed Blood) in the
style of the nueva canción
movement. With melody and rhythm, this instrumental piece
captures the spirit of the mestizo people of México who have
both Spanish and Indian ancestors. The movie, El Norte, featured
this piece in its soundtrack.
Exquisitely composed
by Yayo
Joffré, Titicaca uses
haunting melodies and crisp rhythms to describe the vast, wind-swept
Lake Titicaca shared by Perú and Bolivia. At 12,000 feet
altitude, this lake is the highest navigable lake in the world.
In the traditional
Bolivian
cueca, Traidora
(Traitor), the
songwriter tells how only death will let him forget his unrequited
love. Join in
the clapping when you hear “ahora.”
Canadian composer
Barbara
Pentland wrote Trance in 1978 using
such extended techniques as multiphonics, pitch bending, quarter tones,
and flutter tonguing. She also employed aleatory zones in which
much of the ensemble, pitch order, and dynamics are left to the
performers’ discretion. As a result, the work will sound
different at each performance, providing a unique
experience for the audience.
Composed in the style
of a
Peruvian huayno by Chaski guitarist, Dan
Dickey, Tres Cosas de
la Vida (Three Things in Life), shows how
life’s concerns change over time.
The upbeat Peruvian
huayno, Tres de mayo
(Third of May), tells
the story of a short-lived romance at a festival on the third of May.
Pixinginha and
Benedito
Lacerda composed this charming Brazilian
chôro, 1x0, in honor of a championship
soccer game in 1926.
The traditional
seventeenth-century Provençal carol, Un
Flambeau, Jeannette, Isabelle (Bring a Torch, Jeannette, Isabella)
lends itself easily to the quena, harp, and guitar.
Vamos, pastorcitos from
Colombia uses the quena and its bigger
sibling, the quenacho. Bolivian Christmas music differs from
other genres only in its lyrics and use of bird whistles.
Christmas songs in
many
Spanish-speaking countries are called
villancicos and differ from other folk music only because of their
lyrics. Using the African-influenced saya rhythm from Eastern
Bolivia, this instrumental Villancico distinguishes itself as
Christmas music with the use of the pajarito, or bird call.
The instrumental and
somewhat jazzy composition, Vista alta,
comes from the talented mind of Chaski guitarist and charanguista, Dan
Dickey.
This life-affirming
Argentine bailecito, Viva
Jujuy (Long Live
Jujuy) by Rafael Rossa,
extols the virtues of northern Argentina near the city of Jujuy.
The lyrics speak of the plateau, the red-painted hills, the jagged
mountains, and a man’s love from Humahuaca. Incidentally, those
red-painted hills are home to some of the oldest dinosaur fossils ever
found.
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Considered
a second national
anthem, the cueca Viva mi patria
Bolivia (Long Live My Fatherland Bolivia) expresses great love and
devotion to Bolivia and encourages others to do likewise.
Wave, by celebrated Brazilian
composer Antonio Carlos Jobim,
exemplifies the popular bossa nova musical style.
The modal feel of We Three Kings, accompanied only by the
bombo,
gave rise to this interpretation using zampoñas of different
sizes and harmonies in parallel fifths.
American composer Dan
Welcher (1948- ) was educated at the Eastman
School of Music and the Manhattan School of Music and has served
as composer in residence for the Honolulu Symphony. Based
on the poem "Night Clouds" by American imagist Amy Lowell, White
Mares of the Moon was
written for Chaski in 1986. The piece
expands the repertoire of special effects for both instruments.
Composed by Chaski
guitarist
Dan Dickey in the style of a Peruvian
marinera, Yendo en
camión al santo patrón (Going by
Truck to the Patron Saint)
draws from his experience in Perú
in which he observed peasants
who had moved to the city for economic reasons return each year to
their
hometown for the big annual multi-day festival celebrating the town’s
patron
saint. The marinera is a flirtatious handke
CHASKI performs
FOLK MUSIC
OF
LATIN
AMERICA
Adrienne Inglis: flutes,
zampoñas, and quena
Shana Norton:
harp
and accordion
Dan Dickey:
guitar,
cuatro, and charango
Based
in Austin, Texas, Chaski has performed together
since
1985 and has toured the United States, Costa Rica, Venezuela, England,
and Scotland. Chaski is featured on the soundtrack of the 2006
IMAX film, Ride Around the World:
A Cowboy Adventure. Their
five CDs feature
selections from Chaski’s
repertoire
from Latin America and Spain on flute, panpipes, quena, harp,
accordion, cuatro, guitar, charango, bombo, maracas, and other
instruments.
Chaski's
Tour
and Concert
Schedule
Here's
how to book Chaski
for
your event!
Buy Chaski CDs and
listen to sound clips at CD
Baby!
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page!
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on Facebook!
Chaski
P. O. Box 4303, Austin, Texas 78765
telephone (512) 320-0613 or (512) 912-8096
chaskimusic--(at)--hotmail.com
Copyright 1997-2010 Chaski
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